Bladder Cancer
Bladder is the organ which stores the urine formed in Kidney. When the cells inside bladder grow in uncontrolled manner, it forms a tumour called as Urinary Bladder Cancer.
Stage of Bladder Cancer
Treatment of Bladder cancer depends on its stage (i.e. how far has it spread) and grade. If it is limited to inner lining it is called Non muscle invasive Bladder Cancer (T1). If it infiltrates the wall of bladder it is called Muscle invasive Bladder Cancer (T2). If the cancer moves out, it is labelled T3/4.
Bladder Cancer Surgery
TURBT (Trans Urethral resection of Bladder Tumour)
It is the Surgery for (stage 1) Non Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer. In this surgical tool with camera is inserted through the urethra to see and remove the tumour completely.
Radical Cystectomy
Treatment of Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer requires Radical Cystectomy i.e. complete removal of urinary bladder and adjacent tissues and lymph nodes. After its removal, urine is diverted through Ileal Conduit or Neobladder.
Ileal Conduit
The urine pipes coming from kidneys are attached to a segment of intestine. This segment of intestine is called Ileal conduit. The other end of conduit is brought out on the abdomen, through which urine passes out into a bag.
Neobladder
It is a special technique in which new bladder is formed and placed in the same location as the normal bladder. The patient passes urine normally. Neobladder is made from segment of intestine which is remodelled into a pouch. Then it is attached to ureters (urine pipes from kidneys) on one side and the urethra on the other.
